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Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal


This portion of our study covers Chapter One of the textbook.

Focus: Our study of Pre-Columbian history has centered around the theories of human migration to North and South America, the development of Native American cultures in North/MesoAmerica, the advanced civilizations of West Aftrica, the period of time between the fall of Rome (A.D. 476) and the Renaissance, and the new adventurous spirit fostered in European explorers.

The following are lists of terms and guiding questions for review:

Section 1- theory, migration, Bering Land Bridge, irrigation, agriculture, culture, civilization, artifacts, archaeology.

GQ1: How do the terms "theory" and "migration" connect?
GQ2: What was the impact of agriculture in early civilizations?
GQ3: How were early civilizations of Mesoamerica advanced?

Section 2- technology, tundra, matrilineal, slash and burn agriculture.

GQ1: How did environment impact the development of technology, religion and economy for Native Americans?
GQ2: Which Native American cultures were focused upon agriculture? How did agriculture play a role in these cultures?
GQ3: Why did hunting and gathering play a role in some Native American cultures?

Section 3- Ghana, Mali, Songhai, Benin, Muslim/Islam, salt, gold, Mansa Musa, Sunni Ali, Hausa, Yoruba, Sahara Desert, Portugal, slaves.

GQ1: What elements make Africa a diverse continent?
GQ2: How did trade influence the societies of West Africa?
GQ3: Why did religion play such an important role in the development of these societies?
GQ4: What led Africans to connect to Europe?

Section 4- Middle Ages, feudalism, manor system, serfs, Black Death, Renaissance, printing press, spices, Marco Polo, Italy, merchants, Holy Land, Crusades.

GQ1: Why was the time period after the fall of Rome a step backward for Europe?
GQ2: What did the Black Death do to Europe?
GQ3: How did the Crusades show Europe the world beyond their horizon?
GQ4: What influence did the Renaissance have on the re-creation of Europe?

Section 5- Prince Henry the Navigator, caravel, Bartolomeau Dias, Vasco Da Gama, India, Portugal, Spain, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, Christopher Colombus, San Salvador, Taino.

GQ1: Why was Prince Henry an very important person?
GQ2: Upon what lands did the Europeans focus their attention?
GQ3: How did Columbus think in a very different way? What did his thinking do to the world?

Section 5 In Class Guiding Questions: